Once the immigrant petition is approved, employees in the U.S. may apply for adjustment of status to become permanent residents without leaving the country. This process is generally applicable to those already in the U.S. in a valid nonimmigrant status.

U.S. citizens and lawful permanent residents can sponsor certain family members for immigration. Immediate relatives (spouses, unmarried children under 21, and parents of U.S. citizens) have priority, while other relatives fall into preference categories (F1, F2, F3, and F4) with varying waiting times.

Fiancé(e) visas (K-1) are for foreign nationals engaged to U.S. citizens, while K-3 visas are for spouses of U.S. citizens. Both visas lead to the possibility of obtaining permanent residency.

The DV Lottery program provides a limited number of immigrant visas through a lottery system to individuals from countries with low rates of immigration to the U.S. It aims to promote diversity in the immigrant population.

Individuals who have been lawful permanent residents for a certain period and meet other eligibility criteria can apply for U.S. citizenship through the naturalization process.